Bioseguridad y microorganismos modificados genéticamente

Abstract

Basic biosafety principles are presented in connection with the manipulation of genetically modified microorganisms (GMM), emphasizing in environmental risks, their assessment and treatment. This review is about different kinds of microorganisms concerning agriculture and human health with direct or indirect relationship. A case-by-case approach and -step-by step evaluation is the keystone to face these risks that can't be minimized even when at the laboratory level and controlled releases, adverse reactions are not seen. The risks in the manipulation and use of GAM exist as well as the mechanism to evaluate, avoid or reduce them. Similar
considerations about risk assessment, evaluation, physical and biological contention and mitigation are taken into account with other non-genetically modified microorganisms that is, many of those working tools in care and preservation of the environment are used as well. The fast and growing development of the Cuban biotechnology industry, the research-development and potential use of biological agents above mentioned, justify a deep and also growing follow-up of these current issues. This article is dedicated to researchers and managers who have to make decisions at all levels and to keep them alert about the consequences or implications that can be brought about with these modifications and the use of such a kind of microorganisms taking into account those biosafety principles. Current decisions are the future safety and welfare.