Saneamiento al Virus del Enrrollamiento de la Hoja de la Papa (Solanum tuberosum L .)

Abstract

The obtainment of virus-free plants and the certification of the material in the phase of initiation of the culture of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), represent one of the biggest expenses in the seed programs. The Potato Leaf roll Virus (PLRV) belongs to the group of the Luteovirus and is one of the most harmful illnesses in the culture which produces up to 50 % of losses in the yield country. The use of new technologies of micropropagation, increase the necessity of utilizing a great number of healthful lines in the biofactory. This safe material and diagnosis of some cultures could represent about the 40 % of its cost of production. The technology of micropropagation permits the support for the establishment in a medium of cultivation optimum for apices meristems. The studies demonstrate that for viruses confined to the phloem is more easily used in the culture of meristems, however in this summary several techniques were used until the moment for the cleaning of PLRV, such as thermotherapy, meristems culture, chemotherapy along
with meristems culture, thermotherapy and meristems culture, chemotherapy and thermotherapy and culture of meristems and electrotherapy as well as combinations of these techniques. As a novel method stands out that the electrotherapy, which has been patented in Cuba and applied in several cultures. The information allows to conclude from all, the meristems extraction about 1 mm
achieves similar outputs for the percentage of virus-free plants, than when the electric current is used (5 V/5 min). However it could try a greater number of samples in the same unit of time, allowing a greater humanization of the work and greater economic efficiency in the laboratories for the decrease of the costs of the vitroplantas.