Role of the alpha receptor activated by peroxisome proliferators in the pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system

Abstract

PPARs belong to a superfamily of hormone receptors that function as transcription factors to regulate the function of genes through the formation of peroxisomes involved in important processes such as cell differentiation, the development of organs and tissues, metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and in tumorigenesis. In particular, PPARα is expressed primarily in organs such as liver, muscle and the cardiovascular system, where the catabolism of fatty acids and glucose for energy production is very important. PPARs participates in the regulation of inflammatory and redox processes, angiogenesis, energy metabolism of the heart muscle, liver and the blood vessels which are the patho-physiological basis of mayor non communicable diseases such as diabetes and atherosclerosis. Taking into consideration the importance of the PPARα in the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism as well as some aspects of the pathophysiology and pharmacology of the cardiovascular system, the purpose of this brief review is to analyze the most remarkable aspects of the role of PPARα in the pathophysiology of this system, since, despite the significant advances in the therapeutic management of cardiovascular diseases, these are among the leading causes of death worldwide. There are still some aspects regarding the role of PPARα that require further analysis and research, but certainly the issue provides an interesting perspective on the investigation of its usefulness as a therapeutic target of various high frequency .metabolic diseases.